Documents and Application Procedures Required for Foreigners to Obtain a Work Permit in Türkiye
A work permit is a document that every foreigner who intends to work in the Republic of Türkiye must obtain by
applying to the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, granting foreigners the right to work and reside in Türkiye.
Without a work permit, it is against the law to work in Türkiye in any capacity, and violators will be subject to
penalties.
Work permits may be issued as Temporary, Permanent, and Independent.
Types of Work Permits
A foreigner, whose work permit application is approved, is granted a
work permit for a maximum of one year at the first application, provided that he/she works in a specific
workplace belonging to a real or legal person or a public institution or an organization or in a
specific
position at one of their workplaces in the same line of business, and that the term of the employment or
service contract is not exceeded.
Foreigners with a long-term residence permit or a legal work permit for
at least eight years are eligible to apply for a
permanent work permit. However, simply meeting the application requirements does not confer on the
foreigner any
absolute legal rights.
Foreigners with permanent work permits enjoy the same rights as Turkish
citizens, without prejudice to
their acquired
rights concerning social security and are subject to the provisions of the relevant legislation in
exercising these
rights, except for the provisions of special laws.
Foreigners in professional occupations are granted independent work
permits for a limited period of time, provided that
the specific conditions stipulated in other laws are met.
In the evaluation of independent work permits in line with
international labor policy, the foreigner's level of
education, professional experience, contribution to science and technology, as well as the impact of the
foreigner's
investment on the country's economy and employment, the share of capital if he/she is a company partner,
and other
factors to be determined by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in line with the recommendations
of the
International Labor Policy Advisory Committee are taken into account.
Work permit applications may be submitted both domestically and abroad.
The application procedures vary depending on
whether the application is submitted from Türkiye or abroad.
Work Permit Application Procedure
Work permit applications are submitted through the E-Permit System. (https://ecalismaizni.csgb.gov.tr/eizin) All applications
require the foreign national's passport, photo, and a copy of the employment contract.
The documents required for each type of application are listed below:
In order to obtain a work permit, a foreigner in Türkiye must have a
residence permit for at least six months, except for foreigners deemed appropriate by the General
Directorate of International Labor Force. The application for a work permit for a foreigner must be
submitted by his/her employer.
Required Documents
- Employment contract signed by the employer and the foreigner. (This document will be scanned and
uploaded to the system during the electronic application).
- Copy of passport. (If the passport is not issued in the Latin alphabet, a translation certified by a
sworn translator or official authorities, will be enclosed with the application. This document will
be scanned and uploaded to the system during the electronic application).
Important Note: Pursuant to Article 23 of Law No. 6458, work permits for foreigners whose applications
are approved by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security are issued no earlier than 60 days prior to
the passport’s expiration date.
- A copy of the diploma or a temporary graduation certificate, certified by a sworn translator or
official authorities, will be scanned and uploaded to the system during the application.
- It is not mandatory to submit a diploma for home services, but a declaration regarding the most
recent school will suffice.
- Turkish Trade Registry Gazette, indicating the organization’s most recent capital and partnership
structure.
- Balance sheet and profit/loss statement for the most recent year certified by the tax office or
certified public accountant.
The application is submitted to the embassies or consulates general of
the Republic of Türkiye in the country where the
foreigner is a citizen or legally resides. There, the foreigner is given a 16-digit reference number.
Applications are
submitted through the E-Permit System with a reference number. No additional documentation or
information is sent to the
Ministry of Labor and Social Security for work permit applications that will be approved and completed
through the
system. A foreigner who is granted a work permit based on the application submitted from abroad must
start working
within one month from the date of entry into the country and, in any case, within six months from the
start date of the
work permit, by fulfilling his/her obligations under the relevant legislation. Work permits granted to
foreigners will
be revoked in case they fail to show up for work within the specified time frame.
For detailed information on the documents required for domestic and international applications:
https://www.csgb.gov.tr/uigm/calisma-izni/basvuru-kilavuzlari/
The application for a work permit extension is submitted through the
system 60
days prior to the expiration of the work
permit, and in any case before the work permit expires. Applications for extensions after this date are
rejected.
The work permit of a foreigner whose extension application is approved is valid for up to two years for
the first
extension application, and up to three years for subsequent extension applications, under the same
employer.
Applications to work for a different employer are evaluated in accordance with the procedures and
principles of the
first application.
A foreigner for whom a work permit extension application has been submitted may continue to work from
the expiration
date of the work permit during the review of the application and in any case for a period not exceeding
90 days as long
as the work performed and the place of work do not change. During this period, the rights and
obligations of the
foreigner and the employer arising from the work permit remain unchanged. If the work permit extension
application is
approved, the newly granted work permit will take effect on the day after the previous one expires.
For detailed information on work permit processes:
http://www.calismaizni.gov.tr/calisma-izni-hakkinda/calisma-izni-basvurusu/
Review of Work Permit Application
The review of the duly completed applications is completed within 30 days provided that the information and documents
are complete. The 30-day period starts on the date the application is submitted through the system or, in the case
of a request for additional information and documents, on the date the requested information and documents are
uploaded through the system.
For detailed information on the review of work permit processes:
https://www.csgb.gov.tr/uigm/belgeler/izin-degerlendirme-sureci/
Special Circumstances Regarding Work Permits
In addition to the above-mentioned work permits, in line with the International Labor Force Policy, it is aimed to
issue Turquoise Cards to foreigners whose applications are deemed appropriate by taking into account the foreigner’s
level of education, professional experience, contribution to science and technology as well as the impact of the
foreigner’s investment on the country's economy and employment, and to subject the work permits of foreigners who
will work in these enterprises to special provisions and to issue work permits easily in accordance with the
Regulation on the Employment of Foreign Nationals in Foreign Direct Investments.
Turquoise Card
The Turquoise Card is a document that grants foreigners the right to work in Türkiye indefinitely and the right of
residence to his/her spouse and dependent children in accordance with the provisions of the legislation, and the
foreigner benefits from the rights associated with the indefinite work permit.
The Turquoise Card is issued with the first three years being a transitional period . At the end of this period, the
transition period record in the Turquoise Card is withdrawn upon submitting the application by the foreigner and the
Turquoise Card is thereafter issued indefinitely. This application will be filed starting 180 days prior to the
expiration of the transition period, and in any case, before the transition period expires. After the expiration of
the transitional period, the application for removal of the transitional period record is rejected and the Turquoise
Card becomes invalid.
In the Turquoise Card procedure, qualified foreigners are defined as those who have internationally recognized
studies in the academic field, those who are prominent in a field considered strategic for Türkiye in science,
industry and technology, or those who have made or are expected to make a significant contribution to the national
economy in terms of export, employment, or investment capacity.
Foreign Direct Investments
Pursuant to the Regulation on the Employment of Foreign National Employee in Foreign Direct Investments, a company or
branch that falls within the scope of Law No. 4875 and meets at least one of the following criteria is considered a
Qualified Foreign Direct Investment. The relevant legislation regulates the identification of Qualified Foreign
Direct Investments and the key employee of foreign nationality to work in these enterprises.
I. Qualified Foreign Direct Investment Values (2022)
(TRY amounts are increased by the revaluation rate determined every year. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/uigm/genel-bilgiler/dogrudan-yabanci-yatirimlar/
)
A company or branch must meet at least one of the following criteria to qualify as a Qualified Foreign Direct
Investment:
- The turnover of the company or branch must be at least TRY 258.4 million in the past year provided that the
total capital share of the foreign shareholders is at least TRY 3,439,592.
- Exports of the company or branch must be at least USD 1 million in the past year provided that the total
capital share of the foreign shareholders is no less than TRY 3,439,592.
- The company or branch must employ at least 250 employees registered with the Social Insurance Institution in
the past year provided that the total capital share of the foreign shareholders is at least TRY 3,439,592.
- If the company or branch will make an investment, the minimum fixed investment amount must be at least TRY 85.8
million.
- The company must have foreign direct investment in at least one other country other than the one where its
headquarters is located.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Security grants work permits to a maximum of one foreigner holding an authorization
certificate to work in the liaison offices of enterprises falling within the scope of Qualified Foreign Direct
Investment, provided that they have obtained an operating license from the General Directorate of Incentives
Implementation and Foreign Capital of the Ministry of Industry and Technology, limited to the duration of their
activities.
II. Foreign Key Personnel
Employees of a company incorporated in Türkiye with a legal entity within the scope of foreign direct investment who
meet at least one of the following criteria are referred to as key personnel.
a) Those serving as a company shareholder, chairman of the board of directors, member of the board of directors,
general manager, deputy general manager, executive, assistant executive, or similar positions, with the authority or
role in at least one of the following:
- A senior management or executive position in the company
- Managing the whole or a part of the company
- Supervising or controlling the work of the company auditors, or administrative or technical staff
- Hiring new employees or terminating the employment of existing employees, or making proposals concerning
these issues
b) A person with critical knowledge of the services, research devices, techniques, or management of the company
c) A maximum of one person at liaison offices who is issued an authorization certificate by the overseas parent
company